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There is no unanimous view amongst scholars about it. Even with archaeological articles found from this place, it is diffi cult to tell about inhabitants and makers. Some scholars have called it post Aryan civilization and some have called it Dravidian civilization. Having proximity with Sumer civilization, some scholars give credit to its development to Sumer civilization. Though, above mentioned facts have not passed truth test. By Recent research, it appears that they were not Aryans. Aryans were enemies and killers of Indus people. Then again we find that Indus valley did not have knowledge of Iron and Horses. On the other hand, Aryans were aware of Iron and Horse.
From the article found from excavation, we find that Indus valley people had urban life style. They had infl uence of trade in their society. Aryans had dominance place for rural life. There is no trace of their trading in Rigvedic period. We also come to know that Indus people did not have armour and head cover for safety at war, but Aryans did have armour and head cover. Archeologically, we find that there was practice of idol worship in Indus valley. Shiva ling have been found at excavation; hence they were majorly Shiva followers. But in Aryan period, we fi nd mention of wind, water, fire etc, but not of Shiva. Place for goddess worship too was better than Rigvedic period, in Indus Valley period. If importance of Fire worship was more in Rigvedic period, then less in Indus period. As per above point of view, we find indifference among Indus civilization and Rigvedic period. It is said that in western Uttar Pradesh, demons used to live and Aryans fought with them only. These demons migrated to west Asia.
Thus, Indus people were either Demons or Dravida. But modern scholars don’t agree with this either. Many scholars say that they were not Nonaryans. Scholars don’t agree on Indus people being Sumerian also. They are of the view that Sumerians were older than Indus people. If similar article are found in both places at excavation, then we can assume trade relations between them. Many scholars consider Indus people as Dravidians. Actually, one of the languages of Dravidians is Brahurd and we fi nd many people on north-west India, speaking it even now. It is said that after being defeated by Aryans, many people shifted to south India. Remaining population kept using Brahurd language.
Hence, it can be said that Indus people were Dravidians. Some scholars link Indus civilization with Mangols also, but this logic does not have substance. On the basis of above mentioned facts, we can say that there were different people living in Indus civilization and due to their collective efforts only, this great civilization grew. Before the development of Indus civilization, agriculture developed in this area. Around 3000 BC only, farming developed in Indus and Punjab region. After that, this farming moved towards east. Due to which ancient Saraswati valley also came within the boundary of Indus Valley civilization. Definitely, there is a great connection between agriculture system of Baluchistan and greater Indus region and
the Indus civilization of later times. How and why Indus civilization developed on such ancient base, is difficult to mention. But on the basis of new research, we can say that roots of this civilization were strongly poised at this very local level. There is so much ambiguity about the development of settlements of civilization.
